Periodontal (Gum) Disease

What is gum disease?

Gum disease is inflammation of the tissues that support teeth and attach them to the jaw. In the early stages, the disease only involves soft gum tissue and is called gingivitis. If not treated, the disease may spread to the bone and is called periodontitis.

What is the cause of gum disease?

Gum disease is caused by plaque. Plaque is a sticky white film of bacteria, which forms on the surface of the teeth and gums every day. Many of the bacteria in plaque are completely harmless, but there are some that can be the cause of gum disease.

Can gum disease be controlled?

Yes. A good oral hygiene routine of brushing and interdental cleaning reduces the build-up of plaque at the gumline and in between the teeth. Regular dental visits supplement your own efforts. Graeme or your hygienist can remove any plaque and tartar that has formed above and below the gum line. Existing gum disease can be treated if it is not too advanced. The roots of teeth can be cleaned and smoothed to allow the gum to reattach and the swelling to subside. This is called scaling and root planing. In deeper pockets it may be useful to reduce the bacteria using antibiotics. In advanced disease, surgery to reshape the gum and bone can help to stabilise teeth and prevent the loss of teeth.

In the UK today, gum disease is one of the commonest causes of tooth loss in adults.

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